Auto Dealer Dictionary » Engaging customers

Your Air Con Services

Air Con Services consist of any service performed on the equipment that delivers airconditioned air to your car. The major components of your air conditioning system include the compressor, condenser, evaporator, expansion valve, and refrigerant. There are a variety of problems that can hinder your air conditioner’s ability to generate cold air—it may be as simple as needing to add refrigerant. However, normal wear and tear causes seals, hoses, and fittings to get loose and wear out. When this happens, refrigerant can leak out.

Air Conditioning Compressor

The Air Conditioning Compressor is one of the main components of the air conditioning system and the first step in the complex process that keeps you cool while driving. This mechanism controls temperature output and compresses refrigerant into a gas in order to move it to other parts of the air conditioning system. Compressors can be compromised by leaking refrigerant.

Air Conditioning Drain Hose

The Air Conditioning Drain Hose transports condensation that accumulates in a catch pan, out through the bottom of your car. Without proper drainage of the catch pan, water can leak onto the floorboard of your car. In other words, this small but important auto part keeps your shoes and carpets dry!

Air Conditioning Condenser

Like a radiator, the job of the Air Conditioning Condenser is to remove the heat the refrigerant accumulated when it was compressed into gas by the compressor. Condensers are susceptible to blockage from leaves, dust, and insects, but they may also become internally clogged with metal debris if the compressor has a catostrophic failure.

Air Conditioning Evaporator

When refrigerant reaches the Air Conditioning Evaporator, it is a cool, low-pressure liquid. The evaporator returns the liquid back into a gas again because gas does a better job of absorbing heat. With the heat gone, the adjacent fan can now blow cool air into the cabin of the car. Although evaporators don’t fail very often, replacing them can be costly due to the complexity of the labor involved; this component is usually buried deep beneath the instrument panel.

Air Conditioning Drier

The Air Conditioning Drier contains a desiccant that is designed to absorb moisture that gets into the system from humidity in the air, and is usually built with a filter that traps debris. This component should be changed anytime the air conditioning system is opened for service because desiccants are not effective once they become saturated with moisture.

ABS (Anti-lock Braking System)

Anti-lock brakes prevent the wheels of your car from locking up when braking so that you don’t skid or lose control of the car. This system works through an electronic control unit that applies individual brake pressure to all four wheels through a system of wheel speed sensors.

Air Filter

Gasoline powered engines require oxygen for the engine to run properly. But the air around us contains dust and particles that become abrasive and damaging if they get inside the engine. Your car’s Air Filter lets oxygen in while keeping the particles out. This is an inexpensive item that should be changed regularly to keep your engine operating its best.

Airbags

Airbags are a safety feature on your car consisting of cushions that inflate when your car is involved in a collision. They are designed to protect your face and body from hitting the steering wheel, dashboard, or other hard surfaces that could cause serious injuries. Most new cars are designed with at least front airbags, and some have side airbags that eject from the doors, rear seat airbags, and head airbags located above the windows.

Alternator

The Alternator helps keep the car’s battery charged to provide power to the electrical components of your car—headlights, instrument panel lighting, windows, radio, etc. The alternator is powered by the serpentine belt. Like any mechanical part, the internal parts in the alternator can wear out over time. This will cause your car to suddenly “die.”. This could be the result of a bad alternator, or it could be a bad battery or broken serpentine belt.

Antifreeze

Antifreeze is a chemical that combines with water to make the freezing point lower and the boiling point higher. This helps keep your car’s cooling system from freezing up in cold weather and prevents rust and corrosion from causing damage. When a car leaks antifreeze, you run the risk of having the car overheat.

Automatic Transmission Fluid

Automatic Transmission Fluid lubricates the gears of an automatic transmission and helps keep the valves operating smoothly. It is usually red in color so that it can be easily distinguished from other oils and fluids. If you spot a leak, have it looked at immediately. Low automatic transmission fluid can damage your transmission, resulting in costly engine repairs.

AWD (All-Wheel Drive)

Designed for all on and off-road surfaces, All-Wheel Drive provides added traction to all four wheels, which is helpful in getting through snow, mud, or uneven rocky terrains where the tires have a hard time gripping the surface to get in motion.

Balance Shaft Belt

The Balance Shaft Belt, most common in four-cylinder engines, moves the balance shaft, the mechanism that helps reduce vibration in the motor. The belt typically attaches to both the balance shaft and the crank shaft. Like any kind of belt, the balance shaft belt can wear out and need replacement.

Ball Joints

Ball joints are important to the suspension and steering of your car. They attach the wheel hub, where the wheel and tire are mounted, to the rest of your suspension. They are designed to move horizontally for steering and vertically for shock absorption. If ball joints aren’t kept lubricated, the ball can rub against the metal casing and wear down. This will affect your car’s steering.

12V Battery

Your battery is what provides power to your car when the engine is not running. It is what allows you to start your car, and it’s also what lets you operate systems that run off of electricity, like the power windows, sunroof, or radio, when the car is not turned on. Once the engine is running, the alternator takes over for the battery in supplying power to these systems. Batteries recharge themselves through use, but may fail as a result of broken terminals, corrosion or low electrolyte levels. Eventually all batteries lose their ability to charge and need replacing.

Brakes

While there are a variety of brake systems, all serve the same function: to slow down or stop your car when you apply the brake pedal. With disc brakes, the brake pad squeezes the rotor and the friction created slows the disc down. Over time, brake pads wear out and need to be replaced. Waiting too long to replace brake pads damages the rotors and makes the tires wear unevenly, which is why it’s important to have your brakes checked regularly.

Brake Booster

When you press down on the brake pedal, the Brake Booster increases the force the brake pedal exerts on the brake master cylinder by using engine vacuum and pressure. This helps the brakes work more efficiently. A bad booster makes it difficult to push the brake pedal down all the way to the floor.

Brake Lines, Hoses & Connections

The Brake Line is an integral part of your car’s braking system. Today, most brake lines are hydraulic, which means that fluid is used to transfer power from your foot to the brakes. When the brake pedal is applied, fluid from the master cylinder is transferred to the brake calipers, forcing them to clamp down on the rotors. Although brake lines will typically last the life of your car, hydraulic fluid leaks can damage the hose and connections.

Brake Drum

Similar to a rotor, a Brake Drum is what the brake shoes (or brake pads) press against to stop the car. Typically made of cast iron, and wear-resistant, the brake drum rotates with the wheel and axle.

Brake Linings

Brake Linings are comprised of a durable, heat-resistant material that can withstand a high degree of friction. This lining is what is applied to a brake pad or brake shoe. Over time, brake linings wear out and must be replaced.

Brake Hardware

Holding together the main components of your brake system are a variety of screw assemblies, springs, bolts and caliper brackets. Each brake system requires a unique set of hardware for the proper operation of your brake system.

Brake Fluid

Brake Fluid is the hydraulic fluid that moves through the brake line of your car. It transfers pressure from the brake pedal to the braking system, to create the force needed to slow down and stop your car.

Brake Pads

Similar to brake shoes, Brake Pads are attached to a brake caliper. When you step on the brake pedal, the brake caliper clamps down onto the rotor to slow down and stop the car. The pads are made of a durable, heat-resistant material that can withstand the friction of being pressed against the rotors. Over time, brake pads wear out and must be replaced.

Brake Pedal

If you’ve sat behind the wheel of a car, you probably already know that the Brake Pedal is located at the driver’s feet beside the accelerator (and clutch in the case of manual transmission vehicles). If the brake pedal becomes difficult to push down, pushes all the way to the floor, or makes noises when you press it down, you should have your brakes checked for problems.

CV Joints

Inner CV joints connect the drive shafts to the transmission, while the outer CV joints connect the drive shafts to the drive wheels. The CV joints are needed to transfer torque from the transmission to the drive wheels at a constant speed, while still accommodating the up-and-down motion of the suspension. Problems arise when the joint boot gets damaged. This allows grease to escape and dirt to get inside, which wears the joint out.

Cabin Air Filter

The Cabin Air Filter improves your car’s ventilation by removing particles such as dust, pollen, mold, and bacteria from the air. A clean air filter also aids the performance of your car’s air conditioner and heater. Air filters are inexpensive parts that should be replaced regularly.

Catalytic Converters

The Cat : The Catalytic Converter is a device that converts the toxic by-products in your exhaust into less toxic matter. This helps reduce the amount of pollution your car creates, making the exhaust less harmful to the environment.

Carburetor

The Carburetor manages the amount of fuel and air that goes into the engine. If your carburetor is experiencing a problem, it may only require simple adjustments to the choke or a change in the idle. However, if the carburetor has a leak or defective valve, you will likely have to replace the carburetor. Note: most new cars no longer rely on carburetors and instead use fuel injection.

Clutch

Your car’s Clutch allows you to shift to a different gear, which changes the direction the wheels are rotating (forward or backwards), or increases or decreases the speed of rotation (go faster or slower). A clutch can last for a very long time, but driving on hills or carrying heavy loads will cause your clutch to wear out more quickly. If you notice the clutch sticking or slipping, your clutch likely needs adjustments or repair.

CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)

The combustion of gasoline in your car’s engine emits Carbon Dioxide into the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas associated with climate change, which is why automakers are invested in finding alternative fuel sources and engine designs that do not produce carbon dioxide gas.

Coolant

Coolant (also known as antifreeze) helps prevent your car from overheating. This liquid breaks down over time, especially in hot environments, so it’s important to make sure your coolant level is sufficient and that it isn’t leaking. Leaks can damage other car parts as well as put you at risk of overheating.

Cooling Fan

There are several components to your car’s cooling system, including the cooling fan, which is controlled either with a thermostatic switch or by the engine computer. When the temperature of the coolant rises above a set point, the fan turns on to cool the engine. If you find that your car is running too hot or overheating, your fan may not be working.

Cruise Control

Cruise control is like an “auto-pilot” system where your car automatically maintains a steady speed, which you as the driver, can set. This feature is helpful when driving extensively on straight, uncongested highways because it not only prevents leg and foot fatigue from having one’s leg in the same position for a long period of time, it helps prevent you from exceeding the speed limit.

Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)

Unlike mechanical transmissions that have a fixed number of gear ratios, Continuously Variable Transmission is a transmission that can change steplessly through an infinite number of effective gear ratios between maximum and minimum values. As a result, CVT can provide better fuel economy than other transmissions by allowing the engine to run at its most efficient revolutions per minute (RPM) at any given vehicle speed.

Diesel Engine

A Diesel Engine requires diesel fuel rather than gasoline. Diesel fuel undergoes a different refining process from petroleum, which gives it more usable energy. This makes diesel engine cars more fuel-efficient than gasoline powered engines. The downside to diesel engines is that diesel fuel tends to cost more than gasoline in the United States.

Differential Fluid

The axles of your car are called differentials. The interior of a differential has gears in it that require lubrication. Differential Fluid is the gear oil for the differential. If you notice that differential fluid is leaking, you should have it checked to prevent damage to the axle.

Disc Brake

A Disc Brake is a brake design where brake pads attached to calipers are pressed against a brake disk (rotor) to slow down and stop the car. Brake pads must be replaced once they are worn down so that the brake disk does not become damaged. Not only are damaged rotors expensive to repair, they can cause uneven tire wear and hinder your car’s ability to brake properly.

Drive Belt

The Drive Belt, which is the large belt you see when you open the hood of your car, is a belt that powers the alternator, water pump, power steering, A/C compressor, and air pump. It should be replaced according to your manufacturer’s specifications or if you see cracks in the belt. If the belt breaks, your car will not run.

Drive Shaft

The Drive Shaft is a metal rod that is connected at one end to the transmission, and on the other end to the differential. It transmits torque from the transmission and creates rotation. This mechanism is connected with joints and seals that are susceptible to wear and sometimes need replacing.

Drive System

The Drive System refers to the type of system driving your car. Front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive, all-wheel drive are all types of drive systems.

Drive Axle Boots

The Drive Axle Boot is the rubber piece that covers the CV joints. These rubber boots deteriorate over time. If cracks and tears in a boot occur, the grease protecting the CV joints will leak out and dirt will get into the joint, causing the joint to fail. When you get your oil changed, have the mechanic inspect the drive axle boots to assess their condition.

Drivetrain

The Drivetrain, also known as the powertrain, is made up of three components: the engine, the transmission, and the wheels. This includes the clutch, the transaxle, the CV joints, the differential, axles, and drive shaft of the car—basically everything that sends power from the engine to the wheels.

Drum Brakes

Drum Brakes are a type of braking system that uses a drum and a brake shoe that applies friction to the drum in order to slow down and stop the car. Because brake drums are large, drum brakes are used in most heavy trucks and many light and medium trucks. Older model cars may use drum brakes, but newer automobiles typically feature a different type of braking system.

Emissions Hoses & Tubes

Emissions hoses and tubes attach to the fuel line and are made of materials designed to withstand exposure to oil, fuel, vapor and moisture, which causes them to deteriorate. They are also able to withstand the heat of the engine. Despite their resistant nature, over time, these hoses and tubes become susceptible to cracks and tears.

Engine Diagnostics

Engine Diagnostics refers to any type of manual or computerized assessment used to identify problems your car may be experiencing. Most cars today have an onboard computer that can interface with electronic diagnostic equipment and identify specific problems that are present.

Engine Oil

Engine Oil lubricates various parts of your car’s engine, thereby reducing friction so that the parts move easier. Engine oil also cleans the engine, inhibits corrosion, and helps cool the engine by carrying heat away from moving parts.

Engine Performance

Engine Performance refers to… you guessed it… how your engine performs. Tune-ups are designed to check your engine to see if it’s performing at optimal settings for power and efficiency as recommended by the manufacturer. Although many tasks on newer cars are automated by your car’s computer, tune-ups ensure that things like idle speed, fuel-air mixture, spark plugs and the carburetor are properly calibrated and working at maximum capacity.

Evaporative Control Canister Filter

The Evaporative Control Canister Filter is a charcoal filter that resides inside a storage device that traps fuel vapors from escaping into the atmosphere. The emissions control system transfers the fuel vapors from the sealed fuel tank to the evaporative control canister until the engine is able to use the extra fuel vapor. The system is required in order to detect evaporative fuel system leaks as small as 0.040 inch between the fuel filler cap and the evaporative control canister purge valve.

Ethanol

Ethanol is a fuel source derived from sugar cane, potatoes, manioc or corn. Today, most cars on the road in the U.S. run on gasoline blended with up to 10% ethanol. In an effort to find alternative clean-burning fuel sources, ethanol has emerged as a potential option. Brazil imports cars that run entirely on ethanol; however, cars manufactured for the U.S. market don’t have engines that can function with pure ethanol fuel and there are environmental concerns regarding the area needed to grow the crops required for the fuel.

Engine Oil Level Warning System

The Engine Oil Level Warning System is designed to alert you when the oil in your engine is too low. In most cars, a light and/or alarm will go on when your car is low on oil. If you see the light go on, you should immediately pull over and stop the car to check the oil. Driving with too little oil can cause serious damage to your engine.

Exhaust

The toxic gas by-product of any internal combustion engine is more commonly known as exhaust. It is moved out and away from the vehicle with an exhaust system that includes an exhaust pipe.

Exhaust Pipe

The Exhaust Pipe is part of your car’s exhaust system. Like a chimney on a house, it is designed to release exhaust away from the vehicle and into the air. Exhaust pipes connect to the muffler and are often attached to the rear end of the car with a bracket. Exhaust pipes are susceptible to damage from rear end collisions, failed brackets, broken seals, and corrosion from age.

Engine Flushing

Flushing is designed to rid the engine of any residue and debris that clogs up the mechanisms and hinders their performance. To flush the engine, the oil is removed and a chemical is poured in where the oil would normally go so that it flows through various parts of the engine, removing any gunk along the way. After the chemical has done its job and flowed back out of the engine through the bottom, new oil is added. Though this type of treatment is seldom needed on newer cars, old cars where the old hasn’t been changed in a long time may benefit from flushing the engine. Other systems requiring flush services include, radiator and cooling systems, power steering, transmissions, differentials and brake systems. All of these systems lubricate components that can be equitably as expensive as engines.

Fan Belt

The Fan Belt connects from the crankshaft to the engine’s cooling fan, supplying power to the fan, with the exception of vehicles equipped with electric fans. Like any belt under the hood, the fan belt can crack or break over time. As the fan belt starts to weaken, it provides less power to the cooling fan, which could lead to the engine running too hot or the car stalling out altogether.

Flooding the Engine

The term “Flooding the Engine” refers to letting too much fuel into the carburetor through the choke. Although this rarely happens with newer cars that use fuel injection to control the mixture of air and fuel that starts the engine, older cars that have a carburetor are susceptible to this problem, especially on cold mornings, unless the choke is properly calibrated.

Flywheel

The flywheel is the part of the clutch that connects to the engine and helps lock the engine to the transmission input shaft so they spin at the same speed. No clutch will last forever, and the flywheel is susceptible from wear and warping due to heat caused from friction. When the engine is under pressure from driving up a hill, towing something, or accelerating to pass, the clutch is more at risk of slipping. So, it gets hotter. And the hotter it gets, the more stress this puts on the flywheel.

Four-Wheel Drive

A Four-Wheel Drive vehicle has a drivetrain that allows all four wheels to receive torque from the engine simultaneously. Powering all four wheels at once provides better control than normal cars, especially on difficult driving surfaces such as snow, ice, mud or rocks.

Fog Lights

Fog Lights are lights that are mounted low on the front end of your car below the bumper and emanate light straight out rather than radially. Because fog tends to hover a foot or so off the ground, fog lights work to illuminate the road beneath the fog layer so you can see better ahead.

Freon

Freon is a brand name of refridgerants used in car (and home) air conditioning units. Originally developed in the 1920s as a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), studies have found chlorofluorocarbons to be responsible for ozone depletion. Refrigerants today are now comprised of fluorine instead of chlorine, which do not deplete ozone. Still, the name Freon is used synonymously with the refrigerant you use in your car.

Front Wheel Drive

A Front-Wheel Drive vehicle has a drivetrain where the engine powers only the front wheels of the car. Most non-sports cars on the road are front-wheel drive because this arrangement allows for a lighter weight car, and lighter weight means better fuel efficiency. On wet roads, front-wheel drive vehicles also provide better traction than rear-wheel drive vehicles.

Fuel Filter

The Fuel Filter screens harmful particles from the fuel line. Each time you fill up with gas, tiny paint chips, dirt and rust from the underground fuel containers enter your gas tank. If these substances are not removed before the fuel enters your engine, they will cause rapid wear and failure of the fuel pump and injectors due to their abrasive nature.

Fuel Pumps

As the name suggests, Fuel Pumps pump fuel from the gas tank to the engine. Although some engines use gravity to feed the fuel and do not require a pump, in many cars, fuel has to be pumped from the fuel tank to the engine, and delivered under low pressure to the carburetor, or under high pressure to the fuel injectors.

Fuel Injection

After 1990, cars were built with fuel injection systems rather than carburetors because fuel injectors offer better efficiency and performance in delivering fuel to the engine. In this system, when you step on the gas pedal, the Engine Control Unit (ECU) of your car calculates what the air-to-fuel ratio should be and signals to the fuel injectors. In response, the fuel injectors send a high-pressure spray of fuel to the cylinder, which then powers the engine and makes the car move at the appropriate speed.

Gas/Electric-Hybrid Engine

A Gas/Electric Hybrid Engine combines an electric engine component with a conventional internal combustion engine that burns gasoline. The Toyota Prius is a common example of a car that features a gas/electric-hybrid engine. These types of vehicles offer better fuel economy than traditional cars because the engine isn’t powered exclusively by gasoline. Regenerative braking, which converts the vehicle’s kinetic energy into electric energy essentially “recycles” energy that recharges the battery without wasting gas. This kind of car also reduces emissions because little exhaust escapes when the car is idling.

Gasoline Engine

A Gasoline Engine is a traditional internal combustion engine designed to run on gasoline. Invented in 1876, this engine continues to power most vehicles in the U.S., but due to the political impact of buying foreign oil and the high cost of gasoline, many automakers now offer hybrid engine and all-electric vehicles to meet the increasing demand for alternative engines

Gasoline

Gasoline is a petroleum-derived oil used in internal combustion engines. It is designated with an octane rating. A higher octane rating translates to a higher compression ratio. This provides for better power output and is the reason sports cars require maximum octane gas.

Gasket

A Gasket is essentially a seal between two mechanisms. On your car, the head gasket plays a vital role by sealing the combustion process so that oil and coolant do not mix in the combustion chamber. Overheating, coolant leaks, white smoke exhaust and residue on your oil dipstick can be indicators of a “blown head gasket.”

Gear

A Gear is a rotating part that has a cut-tooth edge designed for meshing with another tooth-edged part in order to transmit torque to a mechanism. Gears can change speed, torque, and the direction of a power source. Whether you have a manual or automatic transmission, the gears on your car move you forward and backward, faster and slower.

Gear Oil

Gear Oil is a high-viscosity oil designed to lubricate the gears of your car so that they move freely without undue friction.

Gear Ratio

Gear Ratio determines the amount of torque that can be delivered to a mechanism. The higher the gear ratio, the higher the torque output; higher torque results in greater speed.

Generator

Early cars used a generator to power the battery. Today, alternators power the battery in lieu of a generator so that the battery power does not deplete at a continuous rate.

Glazing

Glazing is when the belts starts to slip. The alternator belt slipping slows down the engine, causing it to stall. Once this starts to happen, you will only be able to restart your car a few times using battery power before the belt fails entirely and depletes all of your battery power.

HC

HC stands for Hydrocarbon, a substance in your exhaust emissions. Smog and emissions tests measure the amount of HC that your car produces. High HC readings may indicate poor fuel ignition. The causes are numbered and varied. Anything from bad spark plugs or ignition wires to vacuum leaks because of a failed gasket can cause high HC readings and hinder your engine’s performance

Headlights

Headlights are the lamps attached to the front end of your car that illuminate the road when you are driving in the dark. All cars come equipped with halogen headlights, higher-end models often times feature xenon or LED lights instead. As with any kind of lights, headlights burn out over time and need to be replaced.

Heater

The Heater is what blows hot air into the cabin of your car to keep you warm when it’s cold outside. If your heater is not working, you may have any of the following problems: a broken heater blower motor, low coolant level, broken thermostat, a bad fuse, or a loose or broken hose.

Heater Hose

The Heater Hose transfers heat coming off the engine into a heater core beneath your dash. If the hose is broken, the heater core won’t contain the necessary heat needed to blow warm air through the vents of your car.

Hub

The Hub is the bearing that the wheel is attached to. If you hub is bad, your wheels will vibrate and become loose, which seriously impacts your car’s safety and performance.

HVAC

HVAC stands for heating-ventilation-air conditioning. This is your car’s climate control system. Though connected, the HVAC system performs operations independently. That means, you could have a broken air-conditioner, but the heater still works fine—or vice versa.

Hybrid Engine

A Hybrid Engine combines two different energy sources. Most hybrid vehicles today contain both an electric engine and a conventional gasoline powered engine. Hybrid engines typically have better gas mileage and produce fewer emissions.

Hydraulic System

Hydraulics operate many systems within your car, from the clutch to the brakes to the suspension. Hydraulic systems work by applying force using an incompressible fluid a.k.a. hydraulic fluid. If these systems leak hydraulic fluid from a breach, the fluid can damage other parts of the car and cause the system its supposed to be lubricating to function poorly.

Hydroplaning

When your car loses tire traction and skids from too much water on the road, you are hydroplaning. You can help avoid hydroplaning by making sure your tires are properly inflated and have good tread on them. Also, drive slower when it’s raining or the road is wet, stay away from puddles, and avoid driving in outer lanes where water tends to accumulate.

Idle Speed

When your foot is not on the gas pedal and the car is idling, the Idle Speed is the rotational speed (RPM) the engine runs on when the engine is uncoupled from the drivetrain. For regular cars, idle speed is typically between 600 and 1,000 rpm, just enough to keep the engine’s ancillary systems going, but not enough to move the car forward much.

Idler Pulley

The Idler Pulley helps regulate how your car’s belts run. This pulley contains bearings that wear out over time with normal driving. When this happens the pulley can easily be replaced along with the belts it runs.

Ignition System

The Ignition System is designed to send high-voltage from the car’s battery to the spark plugs. The spark plugs then ignite the car’s fuel-air mixture in the engine, thereby giving your car the power it needs to move on down the road. Also included in this system are coils, spark plug wires, modules and sensors.

Inline Filter

Your car's air conditioning compressor uses oil for lubrication. Moisture in the system causes corrosion that can restrict the expansion valve on the compressor. When that happens, the flow of oil to the compressor stops. Having an Inline Filter helps trap the contaminants that cause corrosion so that oil can flow freely to the A/C compressor.

Intelligent Alternator

A recent technological advancement, the Intelligent Alternator reduces fuel consumption while simultaneously providing more power for acceleration by limiting the use of the alternator any time the engine does not require drive power (e.g. when you are braking).

Intake Manifold

The Intake Manifold is a Collection of tubes through which the fuel-air mixture flows from the carburetor or fuel injector to the intake valves of the cylinders of an internal-combustion engine so that the right amount of air and fuel can mix. On the rare occasion when a manifold leaks, too much air enters the cylinders, making the internal combustion process less efficient. One sign of a leaking manifold is sluggish acceleration.

Jumper Cables

Jumper Cables are used to “jump start” or transfer power from a working battery in one car to a dead battery in another car. Each of the two cables has alligator clamps at the ends, one with a positive end, the other with a negative end. The positive end attaches to the positive terminal of the battery; the negative end attaches to the negative terminal.

Jump Start

A Jump Start is the action of transferring power from a working battery in one vehicle to a dead battery in another vehicle using jumper cables. Once you’ve started the engine using a jump start, you must let the engine run so the alternator can charge the battery. If you turn off the engine immediately after jump starting the vehicle, the battery will not have a sufficient charge to operate the vehicle.

Key

A Car Key locks and unlocks the vehicle door and acts as the ignition device to start the engine. Today, however, many cars have “keyless” entry where the locks of the car operate with a remote control. Likewise, push button ignition is taking the place of key ignition.

Kingpin

A Kingpin refers to the main pivot in the steering mechanism of a car.

Kingpin Bushings

Kingpin Bushings fit into spindles in your car’s axel. The Kingpin fits into the bushings.

Knocking

Engine “knocking” as the name suggests refers to “knocking” noises your car may make. Knocking can be caused by low quality, low octane gas, which tends to cause pre-ignition problems. Or it could be the result of deposits in your cylinder or dirty fuel injectors.

LED

LED or Light-Emitting Diode lights not only provide better illumination than incandescent light sources, they use less energy and have a longer life—but they do cost more. LED lights can be used in headlights or the interior of the car and dashboard instruments. There is also a blue variety you can use in the headlights, which gives your car a sportier appearance.

Linear EGR Valve

The Linear Exhaust Gas Recirculation Valve is part of your car’s emissions system. This component helps remove nitrogen oxide emissions from escaping into the environment through your exhaust. The EGR along with your car’s catalytic convertor helps minimize smog by converting your exhaust into less harmful gases.

Lift Supports

Lift Supports are hydraulic lifts used to make opening and closing heavy items such as your hood, trunk, and hatch a little easier. Lift supports contain hydraulic fluid, and can be susceptible to losing fluid and the pressure needed to raise the hood or hatch with ease. But these devices are easy to replace.

Liquid Traction

In lieu of snow tires or chains, Liquid Traction is a chemical you can spray on your tires to provide better traction when driving through light snow. Its benefits, however, last only a short time before you must reapply.

Liquid/Fuel Separator

The Liquid/Fuel Separator separates the gasoline you put into your car from the vapor the engine uses for power. If you overfill your gas tank, you run the risk of letting liquid get into the compartment designed for vapor, which will create an overly rich fuel-air mixture and a partially flooded condition at start-up. Typically, the engine will run poorly and roughly for a few moments after start-up until the purge valve closes and the engine “clears” the excess fuel.

Lock Nut

There are various Lock Nuts on a car, all designed to hold bolts in place so that they can’t get loose.

Lock Cylinders

Lock Cylinders are where your keys fit in to lock and unlock the doors and trunk of your car. If the lock cylinder is damaged you’ll have to replace the lock to your car’s specifications.

Lubricant

Lubricant is a substance designed to reduce friction between moving surfaces. There are many parts of your car that require lubricant. The engine needs oil, cylinders and gears need grease, and hydraulic equipment uses fluid. All of these substances are needed to keep your engine parts moving freely so they do not wear down as quickly.

Lug Bolt

A Lug Bolt fastens the wheel of your car to wheel’s hub or brake drum.

Lug Nut

A Lug Nut is a tapered nut used to fasten the wheel to threaded wheel studs connected to your car’s axle.

Lug Wrench

A Lug Wrench is a type of socket wrench used to remove lug nuts on car wheels.

Manifold

There are two manifolds in a car: an intake manifold that distributes the fuel-air mixture to the cylinders and an exhaust manifold that delivers exhaust out the rear of the car. With wear and tear, manifolds can suffer from cracks and faulty gaskets.

Manifold Heat Control Valve

The Manifold Heat Control Valve Forces hot exhaust gases up around the base of the carburetor and intake manifold to warm the fuel-air mixture. If additional heat is not supplied, the gasoline can easily condense back into a liquid as the fuel-air mixture comes in contact with the inner surfaces of the intake manifold. This improper fuel mixture typically causes rough idle, reduced power on acceleration, and engine stall.

Manual Brakes

Before the invention of power brakes, cars were designed with manual brakes. They are still the preference of race car, sports car, and performance car drivers because they require more precise interaction with the brake pedal.

Manual Transmission

A Manual Transmission car, also known as a stick-shift car, is a type of transmission that requires the driver to change gears manually using a clutch pedal. Manual transmissions have the advantage of giving you a little extra power on initial acceleration. They can also offer slightly better gas mileage than automatic transmission vehicles. However, in high-traffic conditions, they are more tiresome to drive.

Master Cylinder

The Master Cylinder in your brake system converts non-hydraulic pressure into hydraulic pressure your wheel cylinders use to push your brake pads against the rotors to slow down and stop the vehicle. Problems can occur if there is not enough hydraulic fluid in the cylinder as a result of a leak.

Motor Oil

Motor Oil lubricates various parts of your car’s engine, thereby reducing friction so that the parts move easier. Engine oil also cleans the engine, inhibits corrosion and helps cool the engine by carrying heat away from moving parts.

Mounting Tires

Mounting tires is the act of placing tires on the wheels/rims and installing them onto the axels of the car. When this is done, the wheels require balancing to ensure that there are no spots on the tire that will wear unevenly. This is accomplished using a special machine that determines when the wheel and the center of gravity are identical to the axis of rotation.

MPG

MPG stands for Miles Per Gallon, a measurement that lets you calculate how many miles you can travel on one gallon of gas. Each car is designed with a maximum MPG capacity, but the actual number of miles your car gets per mile varies greatly due to driving conditions. Driving on city streets or in traffic where you stop and go a lot diminishes the amount of miles per gallon your car will travel.

Muffler

The Muffler is a device designed to limit the amount of noise emitted from your car’s exhaust system. Over time, mufflers can suffer from corrosion or become damaged by rocks and debris in the road because of their placement on the undercarriage of the car.

Multigrade Oil

Multigrade Oil is designed for people living in cold climates where the temperatures drop below freezing. Multigrade oil is thinner in cold temperatures, which allows it to move through the engine better. Conversely, this oil becomes thicker in temperatures above 100° F, which helps keep the engine cooler.

Neutral

When a car is in neutral, it is temporarily disengaged from the gearbox. This allows you to push a stalled car and it allows you to take your foot off the clutch in a manual transmission vehicle while you are at a stop.

Neutral Steering

When a vehicle turns at a rate exactly proportional to the rate at which the steering wheel is turned, it is said to have neutral steering.

NOx

Nitrogen Oxide is a toxic by-product of internal combustion. When dissolved in moisture in the environment nitrogen oxide causes acid rain and pollution. The catalytic converter in your car helps reduce the amount of NOx present in your exhaust.

Odometer

The Odometer is the instrument on your dashboard that displays how many total miles the vehicle has traveled. It is illegal to tamper with your odometer and display fraudulent mileage to a prospective buyer.

Oil

Oil lubricates various parts of your car’s engine, thereby reducing friction so that the parts move easier. Engine oil also cleans the engine, inhibits corrosion and helps cool the engine by carrying heat away from moving parts. Gears and other mechanisms in your car also require oil for lubrication.

Oil Change

An Oil Change is the act of removing the used oil in your engine and replacing it with new, clean oil. Over time, oil breaks down and gets dirty. These factors make oil much less slippery and less effective at their job of lubricating engine parts. That’s why it’s important to change your oil according your car’s specifications.

Oil Filter

The Oil Filter is designed to remove contaminants and debris from your engine’s oil so that they don’t get circulated into the engine where they can cause damage.

Oil Pump

The Oil Pump circulates engine oil to the rotating bearings, the sliding pistons, and the camshaft of your car’s engine. If your engine is running hot, oil pressure is low, or you’re hearing engine noises, there could be a problem with the oil pump.

Overdrive

The Overdrive setting on your car lets you drive at a steady speed while the engine reduces its RPM. This reduces wear on your engine and provides for better fuel efficiency.

Overhead Camshaft

The Overhead Camshaft is a valvetrain configuration where the camshaft is located above the combustion chambers. This configuration delivers better engine performance and more speed to the vehicle. It is also easier for mechanics to work on this type of configuration

Overhead Valve

The Overhead Valve is a type of piston engine that places the camshaft within the cylinder block and uses pushrods to move the rocker arms, which in turn opens and closes the valve. While the overhead valve configuration offers comparable performance to the overhead camshaft design when the engine is not pushed to high RPMs, it is a more cumbersome design that requires more mechanical labor when problems arise.

Overheating

Overheating is when your car’s engine is running too hot. Too little antifreeze can cause this problem, particularly if the antifreeze is leaking or not circulating through the system properly because of a faulty uptake hose. If your engine is overheating, you should pull over, stop the car, and let the engine cool down. If you are not in a position to immediately stop the car, you should turn the heater on, which will temporarily cool the engine a bit until you can pull over and assess the problem.

Overload Shocks

Overload Shocks are designed for vehicles that carry heavy loads. These shocks provide extra cushioning and spring so that the struts can handle the car’s weight and still provide a safe, comfortable ride.

Oversteer

Oversteer… it looks great in car commercials when the back-end of a car is skidding sideways on a shiny surface where there are no obstacles around. But it’s not so good for ordinary drivers! Oversteer occurs when the rear tires of a car lose their grip on the road when heading into a turn. When that happens, the back end skids out. To avoid this and the serious damage it can cause, you should approach turns slowly and cautiously, especially in the rain.

Oxidation

Oxidation is the interaction of oxygen with other substances. Rust is a common side-effect of oxidation, and when it comes to cars, oxidation damages paint and the metal beneath it. Sealants on paint help combat this naturally occurring process, but over time oxidation can damage your car’s parts and appearance.

Oxygen Sensor

The Oxygen Sensor is part of your car’s emissions control system. It is located in the exhaust pipe and designed to ensure your engine is receiving the correct fuel-air mixture by measuring the ratio contained within the exhaust.

Parking Lights

Parking Lights, the two lights located on the sides of the front grille and sometimes rear and side panels of the car, were originally designed to offer illumination on cars “parked” along side a dark road, so that other drivers could see them. In most cars, the switch that turns on the headlights also turns on the parking lights. Today, these lights are handy for when you need some degree of illumination but don’t need the full power of your car’s headlight lamps.

Parking Brake

The Parking Brake, also known as the emergency brake, is designed to keep the car motionless when it is parked. This is particularly important for manual transmission vehicles.

PCV Filter/PCV Valve

PCV stands for Positive Crankcase Ventilation. Unburned fuel vapors, other combustion by-products, and moisture are contained in the crankcase until they can be filtered and redistributed back into the intake manifold to be reburned by the engine. The main components of this system include a valve, hoses, and an air filter. The PCV valve restricts the amount of air that's siphoned from the crankcase into the intake manifold. The PCV filter introduces clean air through a hose to the engine.

Pinion

A Pinion is a small gear located in the drivetrain of the car, which moves the larger gear that turns the steering wheel. Pinion gears are also used in rear differentials.

Piston Ring

A Piston Ring is a ring that fits into a groove on the exterior of the piston. This ring serves to seal the combustion chamber so that gasses can’t escape, transfer heat from the piston to the cylinder, and regulate oil consumption. Unless you are putting undue stress on your engine, the piston ring usually lasts the lifetime of your car.

Power Steering

Power Steering minimizes the amount of effort it takes to turn your steering wheel. Nearly all newer model cars have power steering.

Power Steering Fluid

Power Steering Fluid is a hydraulic fluid used by the pump in your power steering system. It should be checked regularly to make sure there is enough pressure in the pump to support the rack and pinion.

Power Steering Hoses

There are generally two hoses in the power steering system; one that takes hydraulic fluid from the pump to the rack, and another that takes fluid from the rack back to the pump. As with any hoses, cracks and leaks can develop over time, thereby compromising your power steering and components.

Purge Valve

The Purge Valve releases fuel vapors from the canister into the intake. When the valve is faulty, your emissions system will not work properly and this will cause stress on the engine.

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Radial Tire

A Radial Tire is a tire design that utilizes plies arranged at a ninety-degree angle to the direction of travel. These plies are strong cords made of polyester, steel and other materials that help the tire hold its shape by preventing the rubber from stretching.

Radiator

The Radiator transfers heat from the hot liquid coolant, through its tubes, to the air blown through the fan. This process helps cool the engine. Problems that can go wrong with the radiator include leaks in the hoses, leaks in the radiator itself, a faulty fan, or obstructions in the cooling system.

Radiator Core

Made of aluminum or copper, the radiator core is comprised of rows of tubes and serpentine fins that work to transfer heat to the cooling fan.

Radiator Hoses

Your car’s radiator hoses attach from the radiator to the engine, and from the radiator to the waterpump. As with any hoses under the hood, over time hoses can develop leaks at the seal and need to be replaced.

Rear Brake Type

Rear Brakes are typically drum brakes. This type of brakes has more parts than disc brakes and is harder to service, but they are less expensive to manufacture, and they easily incorporate an emergency brake mechanism. With drum brakes, fluid is forced into the wheel cylinder, which pushes the brake shoes against the drum, which is attached to the wheel. This friction causes the wheel and car to stop.

Rear Defroster

There are two kinds of rear defrosters: one blows hot air against the rear window; the other is an application of thin lines crossing through your back window. These lines are actually small heating elements that slowly warm your window from the inside out.

RWD (Rear Wheel Drive)

In Rear Wheel Drive cars, the back wheels do the pushing while the front wheels do the steering. This distributes the load of the car across all four tires. The advantage of having better weight balance overall is that it extends the life of your tires. You also get quicker acceleration and slightly better stopping capability.

Reservoir

A reservoir is a holding receptacle for liquid. The most important reservoir in your car is the container that holds your coolant for the radiator.

RPM

RPM stands for Revolutions Per Minute. In your car, RPM is used to measure the output of the engine. Anything below 800 RPM and your car is in idle. 1,000 – 5,000 RPM indicates standard output for accelerating and driving. 5,000+ RPM exceeds standard output and may put stress on your engine.

Rotor

The Rotor is the brake disk that attaches to the wheel of the car. In a disc brake system, the brake pad is pressed against the rotor with a set of calipers. The friction it causes enables the car to slow down and stop. If you let your brake pads wear out without replacing them, you risk damaging the rotor.

Rust and Corrosion Inhibitors

Rust and Corrosion Inhibitors are chemical compounds that protect against rust and corrosion on the exterior of metal parts and structural components.

R-134

R-134 is a type of refrigerant used in car air conditioning systems. It was designed to replace Freon, which is now banned because it depletes ozone in the environment.

Self-leveling Suspension Filter

In a self-leveling designed vehicle, the suspension maintains a constant ride height regardless of load (like how many people are in the car and how much cargo you’ve got on board). As many self-leveling suspension designs have a hydraulic component, a filter is needed to ensure the hydraulic fluid stays free of debris.

Serpentine Belt

The Serpentine Belt drives your car’s alternator, water pump, power steering pump, and air conditioning compressor. Because this belt is responsible for many important systems, it’s important to inspect it and make sure it’s in good condition, free from cracks or uneven wear.

Service Reminder Light

Service Reminder Lights come on to remind you when your car is due for service or when the car’s computer is detecting a problem. Every car is different and each has its own set of prompts to activate the reminder light. When you see this light come on, you should take your car in for an inspection and/or service.

Shift Linkage

The Shift Linkage refers to the cables that connect the gearshift or gear selector to the transmission.

Shocks

Shocks or Shock Absorbers hold the tires to the road. They reduce the amount of bounce and sway you feel when driving by controlling the spring in the suspension. To do this, they use hydraulic pumps.

Spark Plug Wires

Spark Plug Wires are the conduits by which electricity travels from the distributor or electronic ignition to the spark plugs.

Stability Control

Stability Control uses sensors connected to your car’s computer to help keep the car in control during a skid or slide. By looking at the steering of the driver and the actual path of the vehicle, the sensors can tell when your car is skidding, and apply the antilock brakes to one or all of the wheels to keep the car pointed in the direction you want.

Steering

Steering moves the wheels of the car in a particular direction thereby allowing you to navigate your vehicle.

Steering Gearbox

The Steering Gearbox transmits the input of the steering wheel to the front wheels of your car.

Steering Intermediate Shaft

The Steering Intermediate Shaft connects the end of the steering column to rack and pinion gearbox.

Steering Wheel Adjustment

To optimize comfort and safety while driving, cars all come equipped with a Steering Wheel Adjustment lever that moves the steering wheel up, down, in and out to accommodate people’s height in the seat of the car.

Struts

Struts are used for shock absorption and load-bearing support. They are attached to the chassis and have a spring-like design.

Supercharger

A Supercharger is an air compressor used to increase the pressure, temperature, and density of air supplied to an engine. Having a greater mass of oxygen accelerates fuel burning, which increases the power produced by the engine. When the supercharger’s power source is a turbine, that supercharger is said to be a turbosupercharger (turbo for short).

Suspension

Your car’s suspension is designed to maximize friction between the tires and the road so that there is good stability and handling while driving. Suspension allows the frame and body of the car to ride undisturbed as the wheels follow the irregularities (bumps, cracks, holes, debris) of the road.

Tail Lights

Tail Lights are mounted to the rear of the car above the bumper. They are red in color and have accompanying white lights beside them to indicate when the vehicle is in reverse. When you’re on the road, tail lights make other car’s aware of your presence so that you can travel safely in the dark. Also, the red color of the tail lights shines more brightly whenever you are braking so that other cars know to slow down as well.

Tail Pipe

The Tail Pipe is part of your car’s exhaust system. Like a chimney on a house, it is designed to release exhaust away from the vehicle and into the air. Exhaust pipes connect to the muffler and are often attached to the rear end of the car with a bracket. Exhaust pipes are susceptible to damage from rear end collisions, failed brackets, broken seals, and corrosion from age.

Thermostat

The Thermostat resides between the engine and the radiator, regulating engine temperature. When the engine is cold, the valve of the thermostat is held shut to prevent coolant into the radiator. When the engine heats up, the valve opens so that coolant can circulate through the engine and cool the system. When a car overheats, it could be the result of a faulty thermostat.

Throttle System

The Throttle System regulates the amount of air entering the engine, indirectly controlling the fuel-air mixture needed for engine power. When you press your foot on the accelerator lightly, the throttle valve opens slightly to let in a small amount of air. Conversely, if you “floor it” and press down hard on the gas pedal, the throttle opens wide to let in more air, signaling to the car you want to go fast.

Timing Belt

Your car’s Timing Belt controls the camshaft, which opens and closes the intake and exhaust valves of the car. While timing belts have a pretty long life h5, they will eventually wear out. This will cause the engine to fail.

Timing Belt Tensioner

The Timing Belt Tensioner maintains the proper tension on the timing belt. Timing belt failures are usually a result of a worn timing belt tensioner.

Tire Diameter

Tire Diameter is determined by the width, ratio, radial and rim. The measurements can be found stamped on every tire.

Tire Rotation

Tire Rotation is the act of moving the tires on the car from one position to another in order to extend the life of the tires by helping them wear more evenly.

Tune Up

Tune Up refers to service and maintenance on your car. In the past, cars literally needed "tuning" to recalibrate settings. Newer cars of today have different systems, some that self adjust. Despite all that, you car’s oil still needs to be changed regularly, fluids need to be topped off, brakes need to be inspected, and tires need to be rotated. There are also many hoses and belts that should be regularly examined for wear to prevent more serious maintenance issues.

Torque

Torque is a measure of how much force on an object causes that object to rotate, and is often expressed in “pounds of power.” In simpler terms, torque determines how fast a car can accelerate. For example, you’ll hear a manufacturer boast, “This car can go from 0 to 60 mph in 4 seconds.”

Traction Control

When the road is wet, Traction Control helps limit tire slip when you’re accelerating from a stop, so that you’re wheels don’t peel out or cause you to lose control.

Transaxle

A Transaxle combines the transmission, differential, and ancillary systems around the axle into one integrated assembly. You will usually find transaxle configurations in cars where the engine is placed at the same end of the car as the drive wheels. For instance, when you have a front-engine, front-wheel drive configuration, or a rear-engine, rear-wheel drive configuration, the design will use a transaxle.

Transmission

The Transmission transfers the output of the engine to the drive wheels of the car. Your car’s transmission is usually connected to the crankshaft via a flywheel and/or clutch. The engine’s power is transmitted from the driveshaft to the differentials, which causes the wheels on the axle to rotate.

Transmission Fluid

Transmission Fluid is highly specialized oil designed for use in automatic transmissions. This fluid assists proper valve operation, reduces brake band friction, and lubricates the torque converter and gears.

U-bolt

U-bolts are used to hold springs to the front and rear axles of your car. They are also used to attach the body of a truck to its frame. Over time, U-bolts can become loose or worn and should periodically be tightened.

U-joints

Shaped like a “U” and aptly named, the U-joint connects the two shafts of the driveshaft. Over time, lubrication inside the U-joint will wear out causing the gears to rub against one another and damage the mechanism.

Underinflation

Underinflation of a tire affects driving performance, wears the tire out more quickly and reduces fuel efficiency. An under inflated tire can't maintain its shape and becomes flatter than intended while in contact with the road. Not only does this put you at risk of getting a flat tire, it significantly shortens the life of your tire. That’s why you should frequently check your tire pressure to make sure all four contain the prescribed air pressure (usually indicated on a sticker on the interior edge of the car door).

Underbody

Underbody refers to the belly of your car, the underside that sits closest to the road. Everyday as you drive, rocks, road debris, and salt on snowy roads brushes up against the underbody of your car. When you bring your car in for service, it’s raised on a rack so that the mechanic can access certain components and inspect the underside of the car for damage or rust in order to prevent more serious conditions from developing.

Understeer

Understeer is what happens when your car turns less than the amount you thought it would, causing you to veer off the road.

Vacuum Lines & Hoses

Unlike traditional lines or hoses that transport material, vacuum lines and hoses work to “pull” once something has been pushed. For example, when you push down on your brakes, a mechanism is required to pull them back up. Vacuum lines and hoses create reverse pressure to move these kinds of parts.

Vacuum Gauge

A Vacuum Gauge is used for diagnostic purposes and is an essential tool in tuning a carburetor in order to find the proper idle mixture of fuel-air.

Valves

There are a variety of valves on your car. The intake valve allows the fuel-air mixture into the combustion chamber of the engine, while the exhaust valve releases the burnt fuel-air mixture into the exhaust system. When valves wear out or fail, the cylinder head must be removed and taken apart. This is a fairly involved process that requires resurfacing, pressure testing, and precision work.

V-belt

A V-belt is the rubber belt that drives the alternator, air conditioning compressor, power steering pump and waterpump. It's called a V-belt because of its “V” shaped cross-section. All belts wear out over time and need to be replaced. If you notice cracks or frayed peeling rubber, you should have the belt changed immediately to avoid serious engine damage that could occur.

Variable Gear Ratio Steering Assembly

The advantage of a Variable Gear Ratio Steering Assembly is that it adjusts to the ideal steering condition for whatever the car’s speed happens to be. When traveling at highway speeds, the car’s steering becomes less sensitive to small movements of the wheel, whereas when you’re driving at slower speeds or parking, the steering becomes highly responsive to small movements of the wheel.

Ventilated Rotor

Whenever you brake, the rotor becomes very hot from the friction caused by the brake pad pressing against it. A Ventilated Rotor helps reduce the heat coming off the rotor for the purpose of making the brakes last longer. The drawback is that ventilated rotors cost more.

Water Pump

Using centrifugal force, the Water Pump pumps liquid from the engine and cylinder head to the radiator, and then back into the pump. If you are leaking coolant or your car is overheating, you may have a water pump problem.

Wheel Alignment

Wheel Alignment is a service that adjusts the angle of the wheels so your car drives straight without pulling to one side or another. Hitting the curb when parking or bouncing in and out of potholes ruins the alignment on your car. This causes uneven tread wear on your tires and shortens the life of the tires.

Wheelbase

The Wheelbase of a car equals the distance between its front and rear wheels. Its measurement is particularly important to performance cars, as the length of the wheelbase affects weight distribution and aerodynamics.

Wheel Bearings

Wheel Bearings, which are located on the wheel hub, are components that help decrease friction when the wheel is turning. Although wheel bearings are sealed, wear can damage the seal and allow debris and moisture inside. When this happens, the bearings will fail and create wheel noise.

Wheel Cylinder

In a drum brake system, the Wheel Cylinder puts pressure on the brake shoes, which when pressed against the drum, slows down and stops the vehicle. The cylinder is connected to the shoes by small rods. In older cars, the cylinders may leak and hinder braking power, but cylinders are relatively inexpensive to replace.

Wheel Lug Nuts/Bolts

Wheel Lug Nuts are a tapered nut used to fasten the wheel to the threaded wheel studs connected to your car’s axle. Wheel Lug Bolts fasten the wheel of your car to wheel’s hub or brake drum

Wheel Service

Wheel Service may include new tires with balancing and alignment, inspection of shocks and struts, a tire rotation of your existing tires to extend their lifeh5, or removing the wheels for a brake check.

Windshield Wiper Fluid

Windshield Wiper Fluid is a liquid used to clean the glass of your windshield. It is held in a plastic container and dispensed through jets pointed at the windshield via a switch or lever on your steering wheel. Because clean windshields are important to driving safely, you should always make sure you have a good supply of windshield wiper fluid in its container.

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